Timon of Athens
by
William Shakespeare
Timon of Athens is a tragic play about a wealthy and generous Athenian named Timon. He is beloved by many and spends his fortune on lavish gifts for his friends and the city. However, when he falls into financial ruin, his friends abandon him and he becomes bitter and resentful.
Timon's former friends come to him asking for money, but he refuses to help them. He retreats to the wilderness where he encounters a group of thieves who become his only companions. He discovers a hidden cache of gold and uses it to seek revenge on his former friends by throwing a lavish feast for them, only to reveal his hatred and disgust for them and their greed.
As Timon becomes more isolated and despondent, he dies alone in the wilderness. The play explores themes of friendship, betrayal, greed, and the corrupting power of money.
Act I
Act 1 of Timon of Athens begins with Timon, a wealthy Athenian nobleman, hosting a lavish feast for his friends. As the guests arrive, Timon showers them with gifts and praises their friendship. However, it becomes clear that some of Timon's friends are only interested in his wealth and status, and are not true friends.
Timon's steward, Flavius, warns him that he is spending beyond his means and that his debts are mounting. Timon ignores Flavius's advice and continues to spend extravagantly, even borrowing money to finance his lifestyle.
Meanwhile, Alcibiades, a military leader, is banished from Athens for a crime he did not commit. He vows revenge against the city and its leaders.
As Timon's debts become overwhelming, he turns to his friends for help. However, they all refuse to lend him money or support him in any way. Timon becomes disillusioned with his former friends and retreats to the wilderness, where he lives as a hermit.
The act ends with Timon's creditors seeking repayment and Flavius lamenting the downfall of his master. Alcibiades, seeking revenge against Athens, encounters Timon in the wilderness and they form an unlikely alliance.
SCENE I. Athens. A hall in Timon's house.
Scene 1 of Act 1 of Timon of Athens is set in the house of Timon, a wealthy Athenian nobleman who is hosting a lavish feast for his friends. As the guests arrive, Timon greets them warmly and thanks them for coming. He then proceeds to shower them with gifts and compliments, praising their virtues and expressing his gratitude for their friendship. However, as the night wears on, it becomes clear that Timon's generosity is not reciprocated by his guests. They begin to make excuses to leave early, feigning illness or pressing engagements, and refusing to stay for the planned entertainment. Timon is hurt and bewildered by their behavior, and he begins to suspect that his friends were only pretending to like him in order to benefit from his wealth. Despite his disappointment, Timon remains optimistic and continues to believe in the goodness of humanity. He decides to throw another feast the following day, inviting even more guests and promising to be even more generous than before. His loyal servant Flavius warns him that he is being taken advantage of, but Timon refuses to listen and insists on carrying out his plan. As the scene ends, Timon is left alone with his thoughts, wondering why his friends have turned against him and questioning the value of his own wealth and status.
Enter Poet, Painter, Jeweller, Merchant, and others, at several doors
Looking at the jewel
Enter certain Senators, and pass over
Trumpets sound. Enter TIMON, addressing himself courteously to every suitor; a Messenger from VENTIDIUS talking with him; LUCILIUS and other servants following
Exit
Enter an old Athenian
Exeunt LUCILIUS and Old Athenian
Enter APEMANTUS
Trumpet sounds. Enter a Messenger
Exeunt all except APEMANTUS
Enter two Lords
Exit
Exeunt
SCENE II. A banqueting-room in Timon's house.
In Scene 2 of Act 1 of Timon of Athens, a senator named Lucius visits Timon, a wealthy Athenian nobleman, to invite him to a meeting with the other senators. Lucius informs Timon that the senators are concerned about the state of Athens' finances, which are in a dire state due to the city's ongoing wars and the lavish spending of its citizens. Timon, who is known for his generosity and lavish spending, initially dismisses Lucius' concerns and insists that he will continue to give generously to his friends and those in need. However, when Lucius reminds him that his own wealth is tied up in investments and loans to others, Timon begins to worry that he may not be as wealthy as he thought. Despite his concerns, Timon continues to live extravagantly and host lavish feasts for his friends and acquaintances. However, as the play progresses, he begins to realize that his generosity has not been reciprocated and that many of his so-called friends are only interested in his money. As Timon's financial situation worsens and his debts mount, he becomes increasingly isolated and disillusioned with the world. He eventually abandons Athens and retreats to the wilderness, where he lives as a hermit and curses the society that has betrayed him.
Hautboys playing loud music. A great banquet served in; FLAVIUS and others attending; then enter TIMON, ALCIBIADES, Lords, Senators, and VENTIDIUS. Then comes, dropping, after all, APEMANTUS, discontentedly, like himself
They sit
Tucket, within
Enter Cupid
Exit Cupid
Music. Re-enter Cupid with a mask of Ladies as Amazons, with lutes in their hands, dancing and playing
The Lords rise from table, with much adoring of TIMON; and to show their loves, each singles out an Amazon, and all dance, men with women, a lofty strain or two to the hautboys, and cease
Exeunt Cupid and Ladies
Exit
Re-enter FLAVIUS, with the casket
Enter a Servant
Enter a Second Servant
Exit
Exeunt all but APEMANTUS and TIMON
Exit
Exit
Act II
Act 2 of Timon of Athens begins with Timon isolating himself from society due to his newfound disdain for humanity. He sends his servants to deliver gifts to his friends, but they all reject him. In his despair, he encounters Apemantus, a cynical philosopher who also despises humanity. Despite their initial disagreements, they bond over their shared misanthropy.
Meanwhile, Timon's creditors come to demand payment, but he has no money left. Flavius, Timon's loyal steward, tries to reason with them, but they refuse to listen. Timon's only comfort is his loyal servant, Flavius, who has stayed by his side despite the financial troubles. In a fit of anger, Timon decides to leave Athens and live in the wilderness.
As Timon wanders the woods, he discovers a hidden cache of gold and becomes convinced that he can use it to buy the loyalty of his former friends. He returns to Athens and begins to distribute the gold to those he once considered friends, but they all reject him once again. In a rage, Timon curses humanity and retreats back to the wilderness.
Apemantus visits Timon in the wilderness and finds him digging in the dirt, searching for roots to eat. Timon has completely abandoned his former way of life and now lives like an animal. Apemantus tries to reason with Timon, but he refuses to listen. The act ends with Timon's final words: "I am Misanthropos, and hate mankind."
SCENE I. A Senator's house.
Act 2, Scene 1 of Timon of Athens opens with a servant of Timon’s, Flavius, expressing his concern about Timon’s excessive spending and generosity towards his friends. Flavius is worried that Timon’s resources will soon be depleted if he continues to give away so much money. Two lords, Ventidius and Lucullus, enter and discuss their financial struggles. They both owe large sums of money to Timon, but neither of them wants to pay him back. They believe that Timon’s generosity is a sign of weakness and that he can be easily manipulated. Lucius, another lord, enters and informs the others that Timon has invited them all to a feast. The lords are excited about the prospect of attending the feast because they believe that Timon will give them even more money. Flavius warns the lords that Timon’s resources are dwindling and that he may not be able to fulfill their expectations. The lords dismiss Flavius’ warnings and proceed to the feast. At the feast, Timon gives each lord a gift of gold. However, when Timon asks the lords for their help in repaying his debts, they all refuse and make excuses for why they cannot help him. Feeling betrayed by his friends, Timon becomes enraged and leaves the feast. He declares that he has renounced all of his former friends and that he will live in solitude and poverty from now on. The scene ends with Flavius expressing his loyalty to Timon and his sadness at the way his master has been treated by his friends.
Enter Senator, with papers in his hand
Enter CAPHIS
Exeunt
SCENE II. The same. A hall in Timon's house.
Scene 2 of Act 2 of Timon of Athens takes place in the home of Timon, a wealthy Athenian nobleman. Timon is hosting a lavish dinner party for his friends, including Flavius, Lucilius, and others. Timon is known for his generosity and often throws extravagant parties for his friends. During the party, Timon gives gifts to his friends, including gold, jewels, and other valuables. However, as the night wears on, Timon begins to notice that his friends are not as grateful as he had hoped. They seem more interested in the gifts than in Timon himself. As the party comes to an end, Timon asks his friends for help in paying off some of his debts. To his surprise, they all refuse to help him, citing their own financial troubles. Timon is devastated by their lack of loyalty and friendship. He realizes that he has been too generous in the past and that his friends only cared about his wealth. Feeling betrayed and alone, Timon decides to give up his wealth and live as a hermit. He renounces his former friends and curses them, vowing never to trust anyone again. The scene ends with Timon alone on stage, contemplating his new life as a recluse.
Enter FLAVIUS, with many bills in his hand
Enter CAPHIS, and the Servants of Isidore and Varro
Enter TIMON, ALCIBIADES, and Lords, c
Exit
Exit
Enter APEMANTUS and Fool
Enter Page
Exit
Re-enter TIMON and FLAVIUS
Exeunt APEMANTUS and Fool
Exeunt Servants
Enter FLAMINIUS, SERVILIUS, and other Servants
Exeunt
Act III
In Act 3 of Timon of Athens, Timon continues to give away his wealth and possessions to his friends, all of whom prove to be ungrateful and refuse to help him when he falls into financial ruin. Timon becomes bitter and angry, cursing his former friends and the gods who allowed him to be betrayed. He retreats to the wilderness and lives alone, becoming increasingly misanthropic.
Meanwhile, the Athenian senator Alcibiades is banished from the city for speaking out against the corrupt government. He rallies an army and prepares to march on Athens, seeking revenge. He encounters Timon in the wilderness and is moved by the hermit's plight, promising to help him in any way he can.
As Alcibiades leads his army towards Athens, Timon discovers a hoard of buried treasure and decides to use it to wreak revenge on his former friends. He sends them gifts, but the gifts are actually curses that bring them misfortune and ruin.
In the final scene, Alcibiades arrives in Athens and threatens to destroy the city. The senators beg for mercy and offer to make amends by reinstating him and granting him power. Timon appears and denounces the senators, declaring that they are all corrupt and deserve to be punished. He dies shortly thereafter, and Alcibiades spares the city but promises to reform it and make it just.
SCENE I. A room in Lucullus' house.
Scene 1 of Act 3 takes place in a forest near Athens. Timon, the main character, has become a recluse and is living in the woods. He is visited by his loyal servant Flavius, who brings him food and other supplies. Timon is initially happy to see Flavius, but his demeanor quickly changes when Flavius tells him that his creditors are demanding payment for his debts. Timon becomes angry and bitter, blaming his former friends for his financial ruin. He tells Flavius to go back to Athens and give his creditors a message: that he will never pay them back and wishes them all to suffer as he has. Flavius tries to reason with Timon, telling him that his creditors have families to feed and that he should try to negotiate with them, but Timon will not listen. As Flavius leaves, Timon is left alone to contemplate his situation. He realizes that his former friends were only interested in his money and that he was foolish to trust them. He curses them and wishes for their downfall. He then digs up a buried treasure and decides to use it to fund his revenge against those who have wronged him. The scene ends with Timon preparing to leave the forest and return to Athens, where he plans to wreak havoc on his former associates.
FLAMINIUS waiting. Enter a Servant to him
Enter LUCULLUS
Re-enter Servant, with wine
Throwing the money back
Exit
Exit
SCENE II. A public place.
Scene 2 of Act 3 of Timon of Athens opens with Timon's loyal servant Flavius expressing his concern about their master's financial situation. He tells Timon that his creditors are demanding payment, but Timon is unable to provide the funds. Flavius also reveals that he has given away his own money to help Timon's cause. Timon, however, is not concerned about his financial troubles and instead laments the loss of his friends, who have abandoned him in his time of need. He declares that he will no longer associate with those who only pretend to be his friends for personal gain. Timon's bitterness and anger is further fueled by the arrival of two senators who have come to ask for his help in funding a war against the city of Athens. Timon refuses their request and instead berates them for their hypocrisy and ingratitude. The scene ends with Timon's decision to leave Athens and live as a hermit outside the city walls, where he can live without the company of those who have betrayed him.
Enter LUCILIUS, with three Strangers
Enter SERVILIUS
To LUCIUS
Exit
Exeunt
SCENE III. A room in Sempronius' house.
Scene 3 of Act 3 of Timon of Athens opens with a conversation between Timon and his loyal servant, Flavius. Timon expresses his despair over his financial situation and how his supposed friends have abandoned him. Flavius suggests that Timon should reach out to his friends for help, but Timon refuses, believing that they will only continue to betray him. Then, Timon spots his former friend, Apemantus, and invites him to join them. Apemantus, who has always been critical of Timon's lavish lifestyle, refuses to offer any sympathy or help. Instead, he uses the opportunity to criticize Timon even further and to point out the flaws in his character. Timon becomes increasingly agitated and begins to curse his former friends, hoping that they will suffer the same fate as he has. Flavius attempts to calm Timon down but is unsuccessful. Timon then decides to leave and live alone in the wilderness. The scene ends with Flavius expressing his loyalty and dedication to Timon, even in his time of despair.
Enter SEMPRONIUS, and a Servant of TIMON's
Exit
Exit
SCENE IV. The same. A hall in Timon's house.
Scene 4 of Act 3 of Timon of Athens features Timon, the main character, who has turned his back on his former friends and society and now lives in a cave in the woods. He is visited by two bandits who are amazed at his wealth, which he has managed to keep hidden from everyone. Timon gives them gold and asks them to kill the Athenians who had betrayed him, offering more gold as a reward. The bandits agree and leave. Shortly after, Timon is visited by Flavius, his loyal steward, who brings him food and updates him on the state of his finances. Flavius informs Timon that his creditors are demanding repayment and that his friend Alcibiades has been banished from Athens for speaking out against the city's corrupt leaders. Timon gives Flavius gold and tells him to deliver it to his creditors, despite Flavius' protests that it will not be enough to satisfy them. Timon then goes on a rant against society, declaring that all men are corrupt and that he wants to see the world destroyed. He throws stones at Flavius and chases him out of the cave, declaring that he no longer wants anything to do with him or any other human beings. The scene ends with Timon alone in his cave, reflecting on his misfortunes and his hatred of humanity.
Enter two Servants of Varro, and the Servant of LUCIUS, meeting TITUS, HORTENSIUS, and other Servants of TIMON's creditors, waiting his coming out
Enter PHILOTUS
Exit
Enter FLAVIUS in a cloak, muffled
Exit
Enter SERVILIUS
Enter TIMON, in a rage, FLAMINIUS following
Exit
Exeunt
Re-enter TIMON and FLAVIUS
Exeunt
SCENE V. The same. The senate-house. The Senate sitting.
Scene 5 of Act 3 of Timon of Athens features Timon, a wealthy Athenian nobleman, who has recently fallen into debt and disfavor with his society. In this scene, he encounters a group of bandits who offer to join forces with him and help him seek revenge on those who have wronged him. Timon is initially hesitant to trust the bandits, but ultimately agrees to their proposal. He declares that he wishes to become a "stranger" to Athens and all of its inhabitants, and that he will use his newfound alliance with the bandits to wreak havoc on the city. The scene ends with Timon and the bandits preparing to depart for Athens, with Timon declaring that he will "shake the yoke of inauspicious stars from this world-wearied flesh." The language of the scene is full of anger and bitterness, as Timon rails against the society that has betrayed him and seeks to take revenge on those who have wronged him.
Enter ALCIBIADES, with Attendants
Exeunt Senators
Exit
SCENE VI. The same. A banqueting-room in Timon's house.
In Scene 6 of Act 3, Timon's loyal servant Flavius brings bad news to his master. He informs Timon that his friends have refused to lend him money, despite his dire financial situation. Flavius tries to reason with Timon, telling him that he should have saved his money and not spent it all on his friends. He also urges Timon to reconsider his extravagant lifestyle and to start living within his means. However, Timon is consumed by anger and bitterness towards his former friends. He rails against them, calling them ungrateful and selfish. He declares that he no longer wants anything to do with them and that he wishes to live alone in the wilderness, away from civilization. Flavius tries to reason with him, but Timon is adamant in his decision. As the scene ends, Timon announces that he will leave Athens and go to the woods, where he will live as a hermit. Flavius is left alone on stage, lamenting his master's fate and wondering how he will survive without his patron's support.
Music. Tables set out: Servants attending. Enter divers Lords, Senators and others, at several doors
Enter TIMON and Attendants
The dishes are uncovered and seen to be full of warm water
Exit
Re-enter the Lords, Senators, c
Exeunt
Act IV
Act 4 of Timon of Athens opens with Timon discovering gold in the forest. He uses the gold to buy the services of an army of mercenaries. Meanwhile, Flavius, Timon's loyal servant, tries to reason with the senators of Athens to help Timon, but they refuse.
Timon invites his former friends to a feast, only to serve them water and stones. He berates them for their selfishness and ingratitude, and then leaves them to their own devices.
Alcibiades, a general who was banished from Athens, hears of Timon's plight and decides to help him. He rallies his troops and heads towards Athens.
Meanwhile, Timon is seen digging his own grave, lamenting the betrayal of his former friends and the emptiness of wealth and material possessions. He dies alone, with only the company of his loyal servant Flavius.
As Alcibiades arrives in Athens, he is confronted by the senators who plead for his mercy. Alcibiades agrees to spare the city on the condition that the traitors who wronged Timon are punished.
The play ends with Alcibiades leading the traitors to their punishment, and Flavius reflecting on the futility of wealth and the importance of loyalty.
SCENE I. Without the walls of Athens.
In Scene 1 of Act 4, a group of Senators meet to discuss Timon's situation. They acknowledge that Timon was once a wealthy and respected man, but has now fallen into poverty and despair. The Senators decide to offer him some help, but they also express concern that he may be too far gone to accept it. One Senator suggests that they send someone to speak with Timon and try to convince him to accept their offer. Another Senator disagrees, arguing that Timon is too bitter and angry to listen to reason. He suggests that they should just leave him be and let him suffer the consequences of his own actions. The first Senator responds by saying that they have a duty to help their fellow man, regardless of their personal feelings towards him. He argues that they should at least make the effort to reach out to Timon and offer him some support. The Senators eventually agree to send someone to speak with Timon, but they remain skeptical of his ability to accept their help. They also express concern that Timon's bitter attitude towards society may be contagious, and could spread to others if left unchecked. Overall, Scene 1 of Act 4 portrays the Senators as conflicted and uncertain about how to deal with Timon's situation. They recognize the importance of helping others, but also worry about the potential consequences of intervening in Timon's life.
Enter TIMON
Exit
SCENE II. Athens. A room in Timon's house.
Scene 2 of Act 4 of Timon of Athens depicts a dialogue between Timon and his servants in the wilderness. Timon commands his servants to find him food and firewood to make a fire. One servant, Flavius, expresses his concern about Timon's situation and urges him to seek help from his friends. However, Timon dismisses his suggestion and instead, curses his former friends, blaming them for his current state of poverty. Timon's other servant brings back roots and water for Timon to eat. Timon expresses his disgust at the food and throws it away, declaring that he would rather die than eat such meager provisions. Instead, he decides to leave the wilderness and go to the city to seek revenge on his former friends. However, Flavius warns Timon that he should not expect any help from his old friends, who have all turned their backs on him. Despite Flavius's warning, Timon remains determined to confront his former friends and seek revenge. He declares that he will become a misanthrope and reject all human society, living out the rest of his days in solitude and bitterness. The scene ends with Timon leaving the wilderness and heading towards the city, accompanied only by his faithful servant, Flavius.
Enter FLAVIUS, with two or three Servants
Enter other Servants
Exit
SCENE III. Woods and cave, near the seashore.
Scene 3 of Act 4 in Timon of Athens sees Timon, a wealthy Athenian, wandering through the wilderness. He comes across a group of bandits who have just captured a senator from Athens. Timon offers the bandits money to release the senator, but they refuse, stating that they are not driven by greed but by a desire for revenge against the corrupt and greedy Athenians who have wronged them. Timon reflects on the futility of wealth and the corrupting influence of power. He realizes that he has been just as corrupt as the Athenians he despises, and that his wealth has only brought him misery. The senator begs Timon to help him, but Timon refuses, telling the senator that he is no better than the bandits who have captured him. Timon then leaves the senator to his fate and continues his journey through the wilderness, seeking a new way of life. Scene 3 of Act 4 in Timon of Athens is a powerful meditation on the corrupting influence of money and power, and the futility of seeking happiness through wealth. It is a stark reminder that true happiness cannot be bought, and that the pursuit of wealth and power can lead only to misery and despair.
Enter TIMON, from the cave
Keeping some gold
Enter ALCIBIADES, with drum and fife, in warlike manner; PHRYNIA and TIMANDRA
Drum beats. Exeunt ALCIBIADES, PHRYNIA, and TIMANDRA
Eating a root
Offering him a root
Throws a stone at him
Enter Banditti
Exeunt Banditti
Enter FLAVIUS
Exit FLAVIUS. TIMON retires to his cave
Act V
Act 5 of Timon of Athens begins with the appearance of Alcibiades, who is leading an army against Athens. He is met by Timon, who urges him to spare the innocent people of Athens and focus his wrath only on those who have wronged him. Alcibiades agrees and heads towards the city with his army.
Meanwhile, in Athens, the senators are discussing what to do about Timon, who has returned to the city and is causing chaos. They decide to send the newly appointed senator, Lucius, to talk to Timon and try to reason with him. Lucius meets Timon and tries to persuade him to calm down and stop his destructive behavior, but Timon refuses to listen and instead curses the city and all its inhabitants.
As the two men argue, they are interrupted by the arrival of Alcibiades and his army, who have just conquered the city. Alcibiades demands to know who is responsible for the wrongs done to him and Timon steps forward to take the blame. However, Alcibiades sees through Timon's charade and realizes that he is simply seeking revenge for the wrongs he has suffered.
At this point, the other senators also come forward and plead for mercy, saying that they were not responsible for the actions of the few who wronged Alcibiades. Alcibiades eventually agrees to spare the city, but only on the condition that Timon is put to death. The play ends with Timon's death and Alcibiades promising to rule Athens with justice and compassion.
SCENE I. The woods. Before Timon's cave.
The scene opens with two senators discussing the state of Athens. They talk about the war with Alcibiades and how the city is in a state of chaos. One senator suggests that they should reach out to Timon, a wealthy man who had previously helped the city, for assistance. However, the other senator is skeptical, believing that Timon has become bitter and misanthropic. As they continue to talk, Timon enters the scene, dressed in rags and carrying a spade. The senators are shocked by his appearance and ask him what happened. Timon reveals that he has lost all of his wealth and has become a hermit, living in the woods outside of Athens. He curses the city and all of its inhabitants, calling them greedy and deceitful. Despite his bitterness, the senators plead with Timon to help them save Athens from Alcibiades. Timon refuses, telling them that he will not lift a finger to help a city that has betrayed him. He then leaves the scene, still cursing the city and its people. This scene highlights the themes of betrayal and revenge that run throughout the play. Timon, who was once a wealthy and generous man, has been completely broken by the greed and deceit of those around him. He refuses to help the city that has betrayed him and instead seeks revenge by cursing it and its inhabitants. The senators, who represent the corrupt political system of Athens, are desperate for Timon's help but are ultimately unable to convince him to assist them.
Enter Poet and Painter; TIMON watching them from his cave
TIMON comes from his cave, behind
Coming forward
Beats them out, and then retires to his cave
Enter FLAVIUS and two Senators
TIMON comes from his cave
Retires to his cave
Exeunt
SCENE II. Before the walls of Athens.
Scene 2 of Act 5 of the play opens with Flavius, Timon's loyal steward, lamenting the downfall of his master, who has become a misanthrope and fled Athens. He is joined by two senators who have come to plead with Timon to return and help the city in its time of need. However, they soon discover that Timon has died, and they instead find his grave. The senators comment on the irony of Timon's fate, as he had once been a wealthy and generous man, but had been betrayed by those he had trusted. As they stand at Timon's grave, they are approached by Alcibiades, a former ally of Timon's who had also been wronged by the people of Athens. Alcibiades has returned with an army to seek revenge, but upon seeing Timon's grave, he is moved to reflect on the nature of loyalty and friendship. He delivers a powerful soliloquy, declaring that he will spare the innocent people of Athens but will punish those who have wronged him and Timon. He then departs with his army, leaving the senators to reflect on the lessons they have learned from Timon's tragic story.
Enter two Senators and a Messenger
Enter the Senators from TIMON
Exeunt
SCENE III. The woods. Timon's cave, and a rude tomb seen.
Scene 3 of Act 5 in Timon of Athens begins with Timon digging for roots, lamenting his current state of poverty and isolation. He has abandoned society and has become a hermit, living in a cave and surviving on the roots he digs up. As he continues to dig, he discovers a stash of gold, hidden by robbers. He initially curses the gold, as he believes it has brought nothing but misery to his life, but then decides to use it to seek revenge on those who have wronged him. Timon then encounters Alcibiades, a former friend who has become a powerful general. Alcibiades is leading a rebellion against the city, angered by the corrupt leadership and mistreatment of the citizens. Timon urges Alcibiades to continue his rebellion and offers him the gold as a means of funding his army. Alcibiades accepts the gold and Timon's offer to join him in seeking revenge. Together, they march towards the city, with Timon leading the way. Along the way, they encounter various characters who have wronged Timon in the past. Timon curses them and Alcibiades orders their execution. Finally, they reach the city gates and demand entrance. The city leaders, fearing their wrath, allow them to enter and beg for mercy. Timon and Alcibiades refuse to show mercy and order the city to be destroyed. The scene ends with Timon alone, having accomplished his revenge but still bitter and unfulfilled. He curses the world and dies, alone and forgotten.
Enter a Soldier, seeking TIMON
Exit
SCENE IV. Before the walls of Athens.
Scene 4 of Act 5 of Timon of Athens sees two friends of Timon, Alcibiades and Flavius, meeting in the woods. Alcibiades is on his way to attack Athens, while Flavius is wandering aimlessly. Alcibiades asks Flavius why he is in the woods, and Flavius tells him that he has been banished from Athens along with Timon. Flavius explains that Timon has become a hermit and now lives in a cave, refusing to speak to anyone. Alcibiades is surprised to hear this, as he had always known Timon as a generous and loyal friend. Flavius tells him that Timon's generosity had been taken advantage of by his supposed friends, who had all abandoned him when he ran out of money. Timon had then turned on all of them, cursing them and swearing revenge. Alcibiades sympathizes with Timon's plight and decides to go to the cave to try and reason with him. Flavius warns him that Timon is in a dark place and may not respond well to visitors. Alcibiades insists, however, and sets off towards the cave. The scene highlights the theme of betrayal, as Timon's supposed friends have all abandoned him in his time of need. It also shows the consequences of greed and excess, as Timon's generosity had led to his downfall. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of true friendship and loyalty, as Alcibiades is willing to risk his life to try and help his friend in need.
Trumpets sound. Enter ALCIBIADES with his powers
The Senators descend, and open the gates
Enter Soldier
Exeunt